A hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac around the testicle that causes scrotum swelling. Hydroceles are most common in newborns, especially in premature babies.
This condition can occur in one or both testicles and may cause pain or a heavy sensation in the affected area. Hydroceles are most common in newborns and older men, but they can also affect boys and young adults.
Hydrocele Symptoms
Hydrocele symptoms may vary from child to child and may include the appearance of a painless and smooth swelling or lump in the affected testicle. Additionally, the swelling may increase during physical activities and decrease when lying flat at night. However, these symptoms can be similar to other health conditions, so it is important to consult your paediatrician to receive an accurate diagnosis.
Hydrocele Causes
During the developmental stages of the fetus in the womb, the testicles form in the baby’s abdomen and slowly move into the scrotum. Hydrocele can cause the testicles to appear enlarged due to the accumulation of fluid within the sac that surrounds them. The excess fluid can cause the scrotum to become swollen and stretched, leading to an increase in size of the testicles.
Hydroceles are caused due to-
- Build-up of fluid around the testicle (more common in older men)
- Swelling or injury of the testicle
Types of Hydroceles
Communicating Hydrocele or Hydrocele Hernia: This is formed when the pocket that holds the testes does not fully close, due to which a small amount of abdominal fluid flows in and out of this pocket.
Non-communicating Hydrocele: This is present from birth (congenital hydrocele) and goes away on its own without any treatment in about a year.
Diagnosis of Hydrocele
Your child’s doctor will perform a physical examination to see if there is any fluid deposit in the testicles.
Your doctor will also check and rule out if he suspects the presence of a hernia (abnormal opening).
Your baby may also have a blood and urine test and an ultrasound to rule out the other causes of the inflammation or swelling.
Hydrocele Treatment
The treatment options for hydrocele depend on the severity of the condition and the degree of discomfort it causes. In some cases, the hydrocele may resolve on its own without treatment. However, medical intervention may be necessary if the swelling is causing pain or affecting daily activities.
Some common treatment options for hydrocele include:
Observation: In cases where hydrocele is mild and not causing significant discomfort, healthcare providers may simply monitor the condition and advise the patient to avoid activities that worsen the swelling.
Drainage: If the hydrocele is causing discomfort, your doctor may use a needle to drain the fluid from the scrotum.
Hydrocele Surgery: In cases where hydrocele is large, painful, or causes other complications, surgery may be necessary. During surgery, the healthcare provider will make an incision in the scrotum to remove the excess fluid and repair any underlying issues that may be contributing to the condition.
If left untreated, hydrocele can cause discomfort, pain, and other complications, such as infection or damage to the testicles.
Conclusion
Hydrocele in children is a common condition characterized by painless swelling of the testicles due to a collection of fluid. While it can sometimes resolve on its own, medical intervention may be necessary in severe cases. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for hydrocele is crucial for parents to ensure the best possible outcomes for their children. Therefore, parents should consult their healthcare provider if they notice symptoms such as swollen testicles or discomfort. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and provide relief for their child.
